An electromagnetic relay is an essential component used in modern electrical and electronic systems, serving as a switch that operates via an electromagnet. Its primary function is to control high-voltage circuits using low-voltage signals. This article delves into the workings, types, applications, and advantages of electromagnetic relays, which continue to be fundamental in both industrial and domestic settings.
The Working Principle of Electromagnetic Relays At its core, an electromagnetic relay operates based on a simple electromagnetic principle. The relay consists of a coil of wire wound around a magnetic core (the electromagnet), an armature (a movable metal part), and one or more sets of contacts. When an electric current flows through the coil, it creates a magnetic field, which activates the electromagnet. This, in turn, attracts or repels the armature, causing it to move. As the armature moves, the relay’s contacts either open or close, thus completing or interrupting the circuit in the controlled device.
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